Gender Inequality in Cybersecurity Exploring the Opportunities and Progression in Albania

Abstract

This paper explores gender inequality in Albania’s cybersecurity sector, focusing on the barriers and opportunities for women. Despite global demand, gender disparity persists, with women significantly underrepresented. The aim is to assess the perception of gender equality in Albania’s cybersecurity workforce, examine career gaps, and identify factors hindering women's entry and progression. This research highlights the importance of addressing inclusivity in this critical sector. Building on global research regarding gender gaps in technology and cybersecurity, this paper offers a localized view of Albania. Prior studies have emphasized the broader issue of underrepresentation in ICT, and this research contributes by analyzing recent data on gender and career progression specifically in cybersecurity. A survey was conducted to gather perceptions of gender equality in Albania’s cybersecurity field. Respondents shared insights on educational background, career breaks, and challenges in entering and progressing in cybersecurity roles. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were employed to identify key issues. The findings indicate that although progress has been made, significant challenges remain. Gender biases, a lack of role models, and misconceptions about the field continue to discourage women. The study underscores the need for initiatives to close the gender gap. This research provides recommendations for policymakers, civil society, and industry leaders to address gender disparities. It offers insights for future academic research and highlights practical steps to align strategies with labor market needs. The paper contributes original insights into Albania’s gender gap in cybersecurity and offers a foundation for future initiatives aimed at fostering inclusivity and gender equality in the field.