E-governance – the decisive step toward an efficient and transparent state

Abstract

In recent years, public administration has been undergoing a continuous process of transformation driven by the evolution and implementation of new technologies. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the current state of e-governance in Romania, the adoption of digital public services, the use of new technologies, and the digital competencies of citizen and to identify the main barriers to digitalization, regional disparities and possible solutions for enhancing access, efficiency and transparency in e-governance. The theoretical foundation of the paper is based on several recent relevant studies that compare the level of digital literacy within the Romanian administration to that of the most advanced EU member states. The research methodology used is a mixed one, analyzing the harmonization of EU legislation on digitalization with Romanian legislation, DESI data, as well as several case studies. The results show that Romania currently has a favorable legislative framework for digitalization and that significant progress has been made; however, the pace and quality of digital transformation vary greatly between regions and institutions. The implications for local public authorities concern the continued investment in digital infrastructure (interoperability and standardization of services), as well as the training of specialists in e-governance. Researchers have the opportunity to monitor the evolution of services across different regions, the impact of new technologies, and conduct comparative studies. The main contribution of this paper lies in providing an updated synthesis between the political measures adopted and the realities observed in practice, as well as proposing recommendations specific to the current Romanian context. For e-governance to function effectively, an integrated approach is required, one that combines technology, skills, infrastructure, clear policies, and active citizen engagement.